Page 203 - NOVOPAZARSKI ZBORNIK 44-2021

Ismail Lukarčanin UDK
Rutgers University, USA

GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES: DISCUSSING THE
POLITICS OF GLOBAL WARMING ANDEMPHASIZING
THE BARRIERS TO CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY

Abstract: The politics and policy on global environmental issues have been
and will be fervently contested among nations.In the past few decades poli­
cies have faced challenges in various ways.To briefly identify afew, nation­
al interest, financial assistance, sovereignty, scientific expertise, trade, de­
pendency, and commitment. In five essays I will be examining the strengths
and weaknesses of environmental regimes, international politics of global
warming, and the challenges facing nations and policymaking. Through my
research I will define the undercurrents behind policymaking and the oppor­
tunity for further cooperation.

Key words: global warming, climate change, politics on global warming,
Kyoto Protocol.

The politics on global warming gave rise to a positive achievement toward
protecting the environment and the policies are negotiated with various actors to
establish a framework for treaties. The Kyoto Protocol was such a treaty that was
successful in shifting humankind toward a safer future. It was done so, with the
cooperation of the United Nations to stabilize emissions of greenhouse gases in
the atmosphere. These treaties are comprised of regimes. International regimes are
a set of principles, norms, rules, procedures, and institutions that are created to
address specific issues. The five elements of regimes are crucial when it comes
to “formal agreements, international organizations, private international law, soft
law, accepted norms of international behavior, or a combination of these structures
among actors involved in the issue area” (p.70, Axelrod). When it comes to imple-
mentation of the regimes, states play a critical role since they are a dominant factor.
The dependency of regimes on states willingness to manage, accept, or implement
them, can weigh on their outcomes of long standing and success.To make the ne-
gotiation more efficient states have organized in negotiating blocks. These negoti-
ating blocks share relatively common interests on issues that are under consider-
ation. The Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) are the second part to these
negotiations, and they are considered more as observer constituencies. Protection